We all face problems daily. As a matter of fact, life is a series of problems with an occassional crisis here and there. One of the most important skills to develop therefore is the art of systematic problem solving. Systematic problem solving simply means having a methodology for handling life’s problems. By solving problems in an orderly way, you increase the quality of results in your life and the power of your thinking. Here is a methodology for solving problems:
First, approach the problem with the expectant attitude. Your attitude should be that there is a logical practical solution just waiting to be found. Such an attitude enables you tobe confident in your approach. Be relaxed, calm, confident and clear in your mind. Presidential candidate, Rudi Giuliani once said, “My father, when I was very young, used to say to me, ‘If you are ever in an emergency, if you are ever in a fire and everybody gets very excited, very emotional, then you become the calmest person in the room. Make yourself calmer than you feel, force yourself to pretend you’re calm and you’ll be able to figure out how to get out of there if you remain calm’. So I kept reminding myself of that. I was in charge, I was the person they were looking to and if I lost it they all would. I would have to say to myself, ‘You’ve got to remain calm, you’ve got to stay focused.’”
Second, change your language from negative to positive. Instead of the word “problem,” use the word “situation” and instead of “crisis” use the word ”opportunity”. It has been said that the Chinese word for crisis is the same as the word for opportunity. Problem is a negative word while situation is a neutral word, just as crisis is a negative word while opportunity is a positive word. Saying, “We have an interesting situation”, is better than saying ”We have a problem.” Choose to say, “What an opportunity!” instead of saying “We have a crisis”. Words are powerful. What we focus on, through our words, expands and becomes the story of our lives.
Third, define the situation clearly. You must have a clear understanding of what your target is for you to be able to hit it. The best way to define your situation (or opportunity) is in writing. Ask yourself, “Exactly what is the situation?” Being able to clearly define the situation puts you in the best position to be able to chart your direction and approach. After clearly defining the situation, ask, “What else is the situation?” This is because there are many angles to a situation. Sometimes stating the problem in different words makes it much easier to solve. Every crisis has many angles. Define your crisis in many angles.
Fourth is to ask “What are all the possible causes of this situation?” or “What are all the reasons of this opportunity?” Every situation has it’s causes and every opportunity has it’s reasons. Failure to identify the causes or reasons for the situation often causes you to have to solve it again and again. Identifying causes also enables you to understand what not to do next time. Knowing the reasons that brought you to a certain situation positions you with the knowledge to avoid attracting those reasons again. It is much easier to deal with situations and opportunities by discovering the correct causes or reasons for their existence.
Fifth is to ask, “What are all the possible solutions?” I’ve heard it said that writing out at least twenty solutions to a problem guarantees you that one of them will be the key answer to your problem. Write out as many solutions or answers to the situation as possible before moving on. Allow for possibilities to emerge and shape your thinking. The art of problem solving lies in being creative in the generation of ideas that can solve your problems. The quantity of possible solutions usually determines the quality of the solution chosen.
Sixth is to “Make a clear decision.” Many times people fail to resolve problems quickly because of indecision. Indecision is the root cause of the state of ‘being stuck’. An old African proverb says, “Indecision is like a stepchild: if he does not wash his hands, he is called dirty, if he does, he is wasting water”. Making clear decisions is a sign of maturity and leadership. Any decision is always better than none.
Seven is to “Assign clear responsibility for carrying out the decision and then set a deadline for completion and review.” Harvey Mackay once said that a dream is a goal given substance, direction and timing. In the same manner, a clear decision is a solution given substance, direction and timing. You have to clearly assign responsibility and delegate to people who will effectively carry out the decision.
Finally, the eighth is to follow-up and monitor the decision. This process includes comparing the actual results with expected results and then generating new solutions and new courses of action. The end-result of this methodology is to reduce the chances of the problem ever cropping up again. As Rene Descartes once said, “Each problem that I solved became a rule, which served afterwards to solve other problems”.